VSRT, ECMA Standard 367, section: 8.3.9, page 32 Root Type Rule It is valid to designate a type `TN' as root type of a system of universe `U' if and only if it satisfies the following conditions: 1 `TN' is the name of a stand-alone type `T'. 2 `T' only involves classes in `U'. 3 `T's base class is not deferred. 4 The base class of any type on which `T' depends is in `U'.